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The Certificate of Secondary Education (CSE) was a subject specific qualification family, awarded in both academic and vocational fields in: England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. This qualification should not be confused with the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education which is the school leaving qualification in India.〔http://zeenews.india.com/news/india/cisce-board-icse-10th-results-2015-cisce-org-icse-class-10-th-x-exam-results-2015-to-be-declared-today-at-1130-am_1596913.html〕 Also, in some African and former British colonial countries (such as, for example, Kenya) there is to this day a qualification named Certificate of Secondary Education based on the original and former British variant.〔http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/lifestyle/article/2000170771/kitale-school-tradition-bestows-honour-on-all〕 Also, the CSE should not be confused with the African qualification CSEE (Certificate of Secondary Education Examination).〔http://allafrica.com/stories/201302190430.html〕 ==CSE== Was introduced to provide a family of qualifications available to a broader range of schoolchildren and distinct from the GCE (O-Levels), that were aimed at the academically more able pupils, mostly those at grammar and independent school (rather than secondary modern schools). CSE's were available in both academic and vocational subjects, incorporated controlled assessment, in addition to examination and when examined question were typically offered in a shorter and more structured form than those found on an equivalent O-Level paper. Before the introduction of the CSE, the majority of schoolchildren at secondary modern schools did not take an externally set end of school examination, and so left school without any nationaly recognised qualification.〔 Though the introduction of the CSE did not, of itself, resolve the issue as the majority still left at the end of the fourth year without sitting an external qualification. By the late 1960s and early 1970s, some counties had introduced their own examinable qualifications for those leaving at the end of the fourth year. For example, the county of Monmouthshire in Wales awarded the Monmouthshire Certificate in Education. The majority of secondary modern pupils continued to leave without qualifications until the raising of the school leaving age to 16, in 1973, made a fifth year of secondary education compulsory. A number of GCE and CSE exam boards experimented with offering a combined O-Level and CSE examination, in the 1970s, for borderline candidates. The papers contained questions limited to areas of the syllabus that were common to both an O-Level and CSE. The range of courses for CSE was wider than that for the O-level and included many vocational subjects, such as car maintenance which were not available at O-level. As the comprehensive schools gradually replaced secondary modern schools, pupils could increasingly take a mixture of CSEs and O-levels until finally the examinations were merged with the new GCSE certification courses. CSEs and O-levels are the predecessor examinations of the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE).〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Certificate of Secondary Education」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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